Study Details
Study Title: A Random-parameter Model to Explain the Effects of Built Environment Characteristics on Pedestrian crash frequency
Authors: Ukkusuri et al.
Publication Date: JAN, 2011
Abstract: "Pedestrian safety has been a major concern for a megacity like New York City. Although pedestrian fatalities show a downward trend, these fatalities constitute a high percentage of 5 overall traffic fatalities in New York City. This paper studies the factors influencing the frequency of pedestrian crashes using data from New York City. Specifically, a random7 parameter negative binomial model is developed for predicting pedestrian crash frequencies at the census tract level. The advantage of this approach is that it allows the incorporation of unobserved heterogeneity across the spatial zones in the modeling process. This study reports the influences of a comprehensive set of variables describing the socio-demographic and built environment characteristics on pedestrian crashes. The model has found several parameters as random indicating their heterogeneous influences on the numbers of pedestrian crashes. Overall these findings can help towards framing better policies for improving pedestrian safety."
Study Citation: Ukkusuri, S., Hasan, S., and Abdul Aziz, H.M., "A Random-parameter Model to Explain the Effects of Built Environment Characteristics on Pedestrian crash frequency." Presented at the 90th Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., (2011).
CMFs Associated With This Study
Category: Intersection geometry
Countermeasure: Change number of 3-leg intersections from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |  | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change number of 5-leg intersections from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Category:Intersection traffic control
Countermeasure: Change number of all-way stop intersections from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change number of signalized intersections from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Category:Pedestrians
Countermeasure: Change number of bus stations from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change number of subway stations from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Category:Roadside
Countermeasure: Change proportion of commercial land use to total land use from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of industrial land use to total land use from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of open land use to total land use from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change total park area (in 1000 acres) from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Category:Roadway
Countermeasure: Change proportion of 1-lane roadways to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of 4-lane roadways to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of 5-lane roadways to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of length of roads with widths less than 30 feet to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of local rural road to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of other throughfare roadway to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion of primary roadway (without access restriction) to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
Countermeasure: Change proportion or primary roadway (with limited access) to total roadway length from X to Y
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Vehicle/pedestrian | K,A | All | Urban |
