Study Details
Development of Accident Reduction Factors
Study ID: 62
Authors: Agent et al.
Publication Date: 1996
Abstract:
Study Citation: Agent, K. R., Stamatiadis, N., and Jones, S., "Development of Accident Reduction Factors." KTC-96-13, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, (1996)
Study Type: Project Report
CMFs Associated With This Study
Category: Access management
Countermeasure: Install frontage road
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install median (flush)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Provide a raised median
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.85 | 15 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Alignment
Countermeasure: Flatten horizontal curve
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve horizontal and vertical alignments
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 | 50 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve longitudinal grade
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve superelevation
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified |
Category:Delineation
Countermeasure: Install post-mounted delineators (curves)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Nighttime | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Place centerline markings
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.64 | 36 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Place standard edgeline marking (4-6 in)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Run off road | All | All | All |
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Highway lighting
Countermeasure: Improve lighting
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Interchange design
Countermeasure: Install acceleration/ deceleration lanes
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.9 | 10 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Intersection geometry
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Install left-turn lane (physical channelization)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.65 | 35 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Install right-turn lane
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Category:Intersection traffic control
Countermeasure: Install beacon (flashing) at intersection
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Install larger signal lenses (12 inch)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.9 | 10 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Prohibit turns
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 45 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Provide signal coordination
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.85 | 15 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Category:Pedestrians
Countermeasure: Install pedestrian overpass/underpass
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 90 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Vehicle/pedestrian | All | Not specified |
Category:Roadside
Countermeasure: Flatten side slopes
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve guardrail
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 | 50 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | K | All | All |
| 0.65 | 35 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
| 0.95 | 5 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install animal fencing
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 90 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Not specified | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install median barrier
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.95 | 5 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
| 0.35 | 65 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | K | All | All |
Countermeasure: Remove or relocate fixed objects outside of clear zone
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.5 | 50 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | K | All | All |
| 0.6 | 40 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | K | All | All |
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
Category:Roadway
Countermeasure: Add two-way left-turn lane
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.66 | 34 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Convert from two-way to one-way traffic
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.67 | 33 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve drainage patterns
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve gore area
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve pavement friction (groove shoulder)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve pavement friction (grooving)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.4 | 60 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Wet road | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Improve pavement friction (increase skid resistance)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 45 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Wet road | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install impact attenuators
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.95 | 5 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.25 | 75 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | K | All | All |
| 0.5 | 50 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install passing/climbing lane
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Replace bridge (general)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 45 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Upgrade bridge railing
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.95 | 5 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | A,B,C | All | All |
Countermeasure: Widen bridge
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 45 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Shoulder treatments
Countermeasure: Stabilize shoulder and dropoff
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.75 | 25 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Widen shoulder
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Widen shoulder (initially less than or equal to 4 ft)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Widen shoulder (initially more than 4 ft)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.65 | 35 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | All | All |
Category:Signs
Countermeasure: Advance static curve warning signs
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.7 | 30 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Run off road | All | All | All |
Countermeasure: Install advance warning signs (positive guidance)
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.65 | 35 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | All | All | Not specified | All |
Countermeasure: Install pavement condition warning signs
| CMF | CRF(%) | Quality | Crash Type | Crash Severity | Roadway Type | Area Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | 20 | Cannot Be Rated (HSM) | Wet road | All | All | All |
