Category: Access management (149)
- Subcategory: None (149)
  - Countermeasure: Add Two-Way-Left-Turn-Lane (TWLTL) to the major approach of an unsignalized 3-leg intersection
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.69 31
      All
      All All Haleem and Abdel-Aty, 2010 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Add Two-Way-Left-Turn-Lane (TWLTL) to the major approach of an unsignalized 4-leg intersection
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.66 34
      All
      All All Haleem and Abdel-Aty, 2010 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install raised median
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.29 70.77
      All
      All Urban Schultz et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.45 55.43
      Angle
      All Urban Schultz et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.81 19
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.74 26
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.32 68
      Head on
      All Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.76 24
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.75 25
      All
      O (property damage only) Rural Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.29 71
      Head on
      All Rural Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.58 42
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Al-Marafi et al., 2020 [read more]
    - 0.72 28
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Al-Marafi et al., 2020 [read more]
    - 0.61 39
      All
      All Schultz et al., 2011 [read more]
    - 0.56 44
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Schultz et al., 2011 [read more]
    - 0.86 14
      All
      All Urban Yanmaz-Tuzel and Ozbay, 2010 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Provide a raised median
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.94 -94
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 2.28 -128
      All
      O (property damage only) Rural Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.61 39
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.78 22
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 1.09 -9
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.88 12
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.82 18
      All
      O (property damage only) Rural Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.49 51
      Other
      All Urban Stokes et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.377 62.3
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.477 52.3
      Head on
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.742 25.8
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.558 44.2
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.262 73.8
      Left turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.529 47.1
      Right turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.596 40.4
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.827 17.3
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.628 37.2
      All
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.684 31.6
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.58 42
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.582 41.8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.564 43.6
      Day time
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.512 48.8
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.416 58.4
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.859 14.1
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.465 53.5
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.275 72.5
      Head on
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.756 24.4
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.462 53.8
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.326 67.4
      Left turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.682 31.8
      All
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.712 28.8
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.643 35.7
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.654 34.6
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.639 36.1
      Day time
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.412 58.8
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.881 11.9
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.647 35.3
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.348 65.2
      Left turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.663 33.7
      Right turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.818 18.2
      Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.709 29.1
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.735 26.5
      All
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.783 21.7
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.695 30.5
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.695 30.5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.684 31.6
      Day time
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.625 37.5
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.444 55.6
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.418 58.2
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.742 25.8
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.659 34.1
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.66 34
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.697 30.3
      All
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.292 70.8
      Head on
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0 100
      Head on
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.265 73.5
      Head on
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.512 48.8
      Head on
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.896 10.4
      Rear end
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.777 22.3
      Rear end
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.776 22.4
      Rear end
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.83 17
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.544 45.6
      Angle
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.64 36
      Angle
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.641 35.9
      Angle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.595 40.5
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.397 60.3
      Left turn
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.295 70.5
      Left turn
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.243 75.7
      Left turn
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.294 70.6
      Left turn
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.329 67.1
      Left turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.571 42.9
      Right turn
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.661 33.9
      Right turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.83 17
      Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.661 33.9
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.734 26.6
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.711 28.9
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.173 -17.3
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.732 26.8
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.664 33.6
      Left turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.597 40.3
      Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.778 22.2
      All
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.852 14.8
      Head on
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.973 2.7
      Angle
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.925 7.5
      Right turn
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.925 7.5
      Right turn
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.859 14.1
      Sideswipe
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.743 25.7
      Sideswipe
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.743 25.7
      Sideswipe
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.487 51.3
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.704 -70.4
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.811 18.9
      Vehicle/bicycle
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.018 -1.8
      Vehicle/bicycle
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.487 51.3
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.973 2.7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.955 4.5
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.974 2.6
      Right turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.37 -37
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.705 29.5
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.028 -2.8
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.953 4.7
      All
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.941 5.9
      All
      O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.974 2.6
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.528 47.2
      All
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.965 3.5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.973 2.7
      Day time
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.998 0.2
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.503 49.7
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.98 2
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.44 56
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.904 9.6
      Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.006 -0.6
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.791 20.9
      All
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.931 6.9
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.943 5.7
      Right turn
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.186 -18.6
      Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.237 -23.7
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.031 -3.1
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.825 17.5
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.65 -65
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.55 45
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.867 13.3
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.588 41.2
      Head on
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.978 2.2
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.963 3.7
      Other
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.716 28.4
      All
      K (fatal) Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 0.928 7.2
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
    - 1.181 -18.1
      Nighttime
      All Urban and suburban Alluri et al., 2012 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Replace TWLTL with raised median
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.77 23
      Angle,Fixed object,Head on,Rear end,Run off road,Sideswipe,Single vehicle
      All Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.65 36
      Angle
      All Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.81 19
      Rear end
      All Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.79 21
      Sideswipe
      All Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.53 47
      Head on
      All Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.79 21
      Angle,Fixed object,Head on,Rear end,Run off road,Sideswipe,Single vehicle
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]
    - 0.67 33
      Angle,Fixed object,Head on,Rear end,Run off road,Sideswipe,Single vehicle
      O (property damage only) Urban Mauga and Kaseko, 2010 [read more]

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.69	31		All	All	All	Haleem and Abdel-Aty, 2010	[read more]

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.66	34		All	All	All	Haleem and Abdel-Aty, 2010	[read more]

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	0.29	70.77		All	All	Urban	Schultz et al., 2008	[read more]

	0.45	55.43		Angle	All	Urban	Schultz et al., 2008	[read more]

	0.81	19		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.74	26		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.32	68		Head on	All	Urban	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.76	24		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.75	25		All	O (property damage only)	Rural	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.29	71		Head on	All	Rural	Abdel-Aty et al., 2014	[read more]

	0.58	42		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	[read more]

	0.72	28		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	All	Al-Marafi et al., 2020	[read more]

	0.61	39		All	All		Schultz et al., 2011	[read more]

	0.56	44		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury)		Schultz et al., 2011	[read more]

	0.86	14		All	All	Urban	Yanmaz-Tuzel and Ozbay, 2010	[read more]

	CMF	CRF(%)	Quality	Crash Type	Crash Severity	Area Type	Reference	Comments
	1.94	-94		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	2.28	-128		All	O (property damage only)	Rural	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	0.61	39		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	0.78	22		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	1.09	-9		All	O (property damage only)	Urban	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	0.88	12		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Rural	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	0.82	18		All	O (property damage only)	Rural	Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004	[read more]

	0.49	51		Other	All	Urban	Stokes et al., 2016	[read more]

	0.377	62.3		Other	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.477	52.3		Head on	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.742	25.8		Rear end	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.558	44.2		Angle	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.262	73.8		Left turn	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.529	47.1		Right turn	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.596	40.4		Vehicle/pedestrian	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.827	17.3		Other	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.628	37.2		All	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.684	31.6		All	O (property damage only)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.58	42		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.582	41.8		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.564	43.6		Day time	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.512	48.8		Nighttime	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.416	58.4		Nighttime	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.859	14.1		Nighttime	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.465	53.5		Other	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.275	72.5		Head on	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.756	24.4		Rear end	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.462	53.8		Angle	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.326	67.4		Left turn	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.682	31.8		All	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.712	28.8		All	O (property damage only)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.643	35.7		All	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.654	34.6		All	K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.639	36.1		Day time	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

	0.412	58.8		Nighttime	All	Urban and suburban	Alluri et al., 2012	[read more]

Category: Advanced technology and ITS (54)

Subcategory: None (54)

Countermeasure: Implement automated speed enforcement cameras

CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
0.37 63
Single vehicle
All Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.52 48
Sideswipe
All Urban and suburban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]

	0.12	88		Angle,Cross median,Day time,Dry weather,Fixed object,Head on,Left turn,Nighttime,Non-intersection,Parking related,Rear to rear,Right turn,Run off road,Speed related,Truck related,Vehicle/bicycle,Vehicle/pedestrian,Wet road	All	Urban	Shin et al., 2009	[read more]

0.46 54
All
All Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.36 64
Sideswipe
A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]

	0.14	86		Angle,Cross median,Day time,Dry weather,Fixed object,Head on,Left turn,Nighttime,Non-intersection,Parking related,Rear to rear,Right turn,Run off road,Speed related,Truck related,Vehicle/bicycle,Vehicle/pedestrian,Wet road	A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury)	Urban	Shin et al., 2009	[read more]

0.52 48
All
A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.33 67
Single vehicle
O (property damage only) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.57 43
Sideswipe
O (property damage only) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]

	0.1	90		Angle,Cross median,Day time,Dry weather,Fixed object,Head on,Left turn,Nighttime,Non-intersection,Parking related,Rear to rear,Right turn,Run off road,Speed related,Truck related,Vehicle/bicycle,Vehicle/pedestrian,Wet road	O (property damage only)	Urban	Shin et al., 2009	[read more]

0.44 56
All
O (property damage only) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.878 12.18
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.802 19.77
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.654 34.63
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.936 6.38
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.879 12.13
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.863 13.65
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.856 14.37
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.854 14.62
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.85 14.97
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.982 1.84
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.901 9.94
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.868 13.23
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.786 21.44
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.957 4.27
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.935 6.54
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.905 9.49
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Li et al., 2020 [read more]
0.725 27.5
All
B (minor injury) Li et al., 2013 [read more]
0.736 26.4
All
B (minor injury) Li et al., 2013 [read more]
0.815 18.5
All
B (minor injury) Li et al., 2013 [read more]
0.942 5.8
All
All Choi et al., 2015 [read more]
0.84 16.2
All
All Moon and Hummer, 2010 [read more]
0.74 26
Rear end
All Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.57 43
Single vehicle
A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.77 23
Rear end
A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.69 31
Rear end
O (property damage only) Urban Shin et al., 2009 [read more]
0.82 18.2
All
O (property damage only) Moon and Hummer, 2010 [read more]
0.85 15.1
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Moon and Hummer, 2010 [read more]
0.83 17
All
K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Various, 2010 [read more]

Countermeasure: Implement mobile speed cameras
- CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
  1.09 -9
  All
  K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Brenac, 2010 [read more]
- 1.2 -20
  All
  K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Brenac, 2010 [read more]
- 0.73 27
  All
  All Urban Pérez et al., 2007 [read more]
Countermeasure: Install automated speed camera at signalized intersection
- CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
  1.01 -1
  All
  All Urban and suburban Izadpanah et al., 2015 [read more]
- 1.11 -11
  All
  O (property damage only) Urban and suburban Izadpanah et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.68 32
  All
  K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Izadpanah et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.69 31
  Angle
  All Urban and suburban Izadpanah et al., 2015 [read more]
- 1.09 -9
  Rear end
  All Urban and suburban Izadpanah et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.76 24
  Speed related
  A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Not specified Vanlaar, Robertson, and Marcoux, 2011 [read more]
- 0.87 13
  Speed related
  O (property damage only) Not specified Vanlaar, Robertson, and Marcoux, 2011 [read more]
Countermeasure: Install dynamic speed feedback sign
- CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
  0.95 5
  All
  All Rural Hallmark et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.93 7
  All
  All Rural Hallmark et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.95 5
  Single vehicle
  All Rural Hallmark et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.95 5
  Single vehicle
  All Rural Hallmark et al., 2015 [read more]
- 0.78 22
  Other
  All Rural Wang et al., 2018 [read more]

Category: Bicyclists (100)
- Subcategory: None (100)
  - Countermeasure: Install bicycle boulevard
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.37 63
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Minikel, E., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install bicycle tracks
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.12 -12
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.18 -18
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.37 63
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 2.2 -120
      Not specified
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 2.4 -140
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.7 -70
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 2.29 -129
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.12 -12
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.48 -48
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.59 41
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.79 21
      Fixed object
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.62 38
      Fixed object,Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.9 10
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Not specified Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.8 -80
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.19 -19
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.3 -30
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.24 -24
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.06 -6
      All
      O (property damage only) Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.9 10
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.97 3
      Single vehicle
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      Single vehicle
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.16 -16
      Single vehicle
      All Not specified Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.93 7
      Rear end
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.01 -1
      Rear end
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.34 -34
      Head on
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.77 -77
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 2.35 -135
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.09 -9
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.01 -1
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.99 1
      Angle
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      Fixed object
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.13 -13
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.23 -23
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.05 -5
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.78 -78
      All
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 6.19 -519
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.66 -66
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1 0
      All
      All Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.3 -30
      All
      All Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.07 -7
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.1 -10
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.87 13
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.04 -4
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 0.97 3
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.27 -27
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.12 -12
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.01 -1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
    - 1.39 -39
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Jensen, 2008 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install separated bicycle lane
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.137 -13.7
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.828 17.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.951 4.9
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.918 8.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.94 6
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.839 16.1
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.858 14.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.359 -35.9
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.918 8.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.963 3.7
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.515 -51.5
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.535 -53.5
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.842 15.8
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.366 -36.6
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 2.444 -144.4
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.557 -55.7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 4 -300
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.369 -36.9
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0 100
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.307 -30.7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 6.667 -566.7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 2.2 -120
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.308 -30.8
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.391 -39.1
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.523 -52.3
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.672 -67.2
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.113 -11.3
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.402 -40.2
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.737 -73.7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.558 -55.8
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.456 -45.6
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.011 -1.1
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.714 28.6
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.687 31.3
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.741 25.9
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.301 -30.1
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.908 9.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.928 7.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 1.369 -36.9
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.858 14.2
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
    - 0.816 18.4
      All
      All Not specified Rothenberg et al., 2016 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Installation of a cycle track 0-2m from the side of the main road with cyclist priority at intersections
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.03 -3
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Installation of a cycle track 2-5m from the side of the main road with cyclist priority at intersections
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.55 45
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Installation of a cycle track over 5m from the side of the main road with cyclist priority at intersections
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.93 7
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Installation of a two-way cycle path with cyclist priority at intersections
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.75 -75
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Moving a separate bicycle crossing to a four-legged intersection
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      1.28 -28
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Moving a separate bicycle crossing to a three-legged intersection
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.83 17
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban and suburban Schepers et al., 2011 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Replacement of traditional intersection with roundabout with a grade separated cycle path
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.56 44
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban Daniels et al., 2009 [read more]
    - 1.31 -31
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Urban Daniels et al., 2009 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Replacement of traditional intersection with roundabout with separated cycle path
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.83 17
      Vehicle/bicycle
      All Urban Daniels et al., 2009 [read more]
    - 1.42 -42
      Vehicle/bicycle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Urban Daniels et al., 2009 [read more]
Category: Pedestrians (44)
- Subcategory: None (44)
  - Countermeasure: Install a pedestrian hybrid beacon (PHB or HAWK)
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.706 29.4
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.778 22.2
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.672 32.8
      Rear end
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.818 18.2
      All
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.748 25.2
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.774 22.6
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.795 20.5
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.714 28.6
      Rear end
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.55 45
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.543 45.7
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.808 19.2
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.883 11.7
      All
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.552 44.8
      Angle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.878 12.2
      Rear end
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.639 36.1
      Rear end
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.567 43.3
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.828 17.2
      All
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.685 31.5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.755 24.5
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.87 13
      Angle
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.63 37
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.591 40.9
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.991 0.9
      Angle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.755 24.5
      Angle
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick et al., 2019 [read more]
    - 0.453 54.7
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.712 29
      All
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick, K., and Park, E.S., 2010 [read more]
    - 0.849 15
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick, K., and Park, E.S., 2010 [read more]
    - 0.309 69
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Fitzpatrick, K., and Park, E.S., 2010 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install enhanced RRFB pedestrian crossing at mid-block crossing location
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.93 7
      Rear end
      All All Monsere et al.,, 2017 [read more]
    - 0.64 36
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All All Monsere et al.,, 2017 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install pedestrian hybrid beacon (PHB or HAWK) with advanced yield or stop markings and signs
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.432 56.8
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.82 18
      All
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.876 12.4
      Rear end,Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install raised median with marked crosswalk (uncontrolled)
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.54 46
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and Suburban Zegeer et al., 2002 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install raised median with or without marked crosswalk (uncontrolled)
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.722 27.8
      Rear end,Sideswipe
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.741 25.9
      Rear end,Sideswipe
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.714 28.6
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.742 25.8
      All
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
    - 0.685 31.5
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install raised median with unmarked crosswalk (uncontrolled)
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.61 39
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and Suburban Zegeer et al., 2002 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install raised pedestrian crosswalks
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.64 36
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and Suburban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.55 46
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and Suburban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
    - 0.7 30
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban and Suburban Elvik, R. and Vaa, T., 2004 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install rectangular rapid flashing beacon (RRFB)
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.526 47.4
      Vehicle/pedestrian
      All Urban and suburban Zegeer et al., 2017 [read more]
Category: Roadway (39)
- Subcategory: Other (7)
  - Countermeasure: Add a through lane on both directions and a raised median
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.32 68
      All
      All Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.33 67
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.71 29
      All
      All Rural Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.51 49
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.47 53
      All
      All Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.52 48
      All
      All Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.28 72
      All
      All Urban Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
- Subcategory: Number of lanes (29)
  - Countermeasure: Install TWLTL (two-way left turn lane) on four lane road
    - 0.701 29.9
      Non-intersection
      All Urban Sun and Rahman, 2019 [read more]
    - 0.758 24.2
      All
      All Urban Sun and Rahman, 2019 [read more]
    - F(x) F(x)
      All
      All Rural Li et al., 2021 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Install TWLTL (two-way left turn lane) on two lane road
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.775 22.5
      All
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.686 31.4
      All
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.874 12.6
      All
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.843 15.7
      All
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.797 20.3
      All
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.629 37.1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.725 27.5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.469 53.1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.739 26.1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.501 49.9
      Rear end
      All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.506 49.4
      Rear end
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.58 42
      Rear end
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.783 21.7
      Rear end
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.613 38.7
      Rear end
      All All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.488 51.2
      All
      All Rural Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.492 50.8
      All
      All Rural Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.727 27.3
      All
      All Rural Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 1.019 -1.9
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.962 3.8
      All
      All Urban Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 1.028 -2.8
      All
      All Urban Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.833 16.7
      All
      All Rural Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.906 9.4
      All
      All Urban Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 1.05 -5
      All
      All Urban Lyon et al., 2008 [read more]
  - Countermeasure: Introduce TWLTL (two-way left turn lanes) on rural two lane roads
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.64 36
      All
      All Rural Persaud et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.65 35
      All
      A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Persaud et al., 2008 [read more]
    - 0.53 47
      Rear end
      All Rural Persaud et al., 2008 [read more]
- Subcategory: Lane restrictions (3)
  - Countermeasure: Convert a TWLTL to a raised median
    - 0.53 47
      All
      All Not specified Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.67 33
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Not specified Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.27 73
      Head on
      All Not specified Abdel-Aty et al., 2014 [read more]
Category: Speed management (53)
- Subcategory: None (53)
  - Countermeasure: Installation of fixed speed cameras
    - CMF CRF(%) Quality Crash Type Crash Severity Area Type Reference Comments
      0.95 5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.78 22
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.83 17
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.76 24
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.99 1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.88 12
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 1.01 -1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.88 12
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.93 7
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.61 39
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.87 13
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.82 18
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.48 52
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.45 55
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.91 9
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.68 32
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.61 39
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.51 49
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.61 39
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.39 61
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.64 36
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 1.46 -46
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.89 11
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.91 9
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.71 29
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.77 23
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.01 -1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.86 14
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 1.05 -5
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.82 18
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.81 19
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural Hoye, 2015 [read more]
    - 0.7 30
      All
      All Urban Novoa et al., 2009 [read more]
    - 0.98 2
      All
      All Urban Novoa et al., 2009 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.99 1
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.08 -8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.02 -2
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.9 10
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.73 27
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.77 23
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.14 -14
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.27 -27
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.77 23
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.89 11
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Urban De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.96 4
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) Rural De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.87 13
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.92 8
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1.07 -7
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 1 0
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.88 12
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]
    - 0.97 3
      All
      K (fatal),A (serious injury),B (minor injury),C (possible injury) All De Pauw et al., 2014 [read more]

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